Essay about 8 1/2 Federico Fellini - 910 Words

8  ½ Federico Fellini Film 8  ½ by Italian director Federico Fellini was one of the most influential film of the post-war 1960 ´s. Nevertheless, this film is an Italian comedy which was based on Guido Anselmi a famous Italian film director. Guido Anselmi has a mental block when it comes to his film, (â€Å"director‘s block†) and struggles with his flash backs, dreams, and reality. Guido desperately tries to find an inspiration to help him finish his film. However, with the wife, mistress, and friend’s pressure it becomes much harder for Guido to focus on his film production. This film was shot in black and white and yet of the depletion of technology and the un-discovery of color, Fellini still as a filmmaking director portrays the†¦show more content†¦This makes Guido’s father look smaller in the background. This is a very good example of mise-en-scene because it’s defined as the articulation of cinematic space. In this film Fellini took very good advantage of the frame. His way of placing characters is quite fascinating he almost places them like if they’d been on a stage while filmmaking. Camerawork was the second of many techniques that Federico Fellini used for the production of 8  ½. The way Fellini used the camera to show close ups, long shots, images, frame within a frame, and montage were very eye catching to the audience. One example would be, the scene where Guido remembers when he was younger and how he was wrapped with sheets. Then suddenly he starts to fantasize that all the women who live in the house with him, where carrying him. Fellini focused on that specific scene where Guido ´s face is far beyond noticeable on the camera and the viewer can clearly see his face expressions. The audience can almost feel as if they where there with Guido in that same house. Another good example of Fellini’s great camerawork would be the scene where Guido is in some sort of sauna with many m en and women, and the audience can clearly see Guido’s facial expressions when he sees the woman in some sort of bath robe walking to her side of the women ´s sauna. Guido rapidly, gets distractedShow MoreRelatedEssay about Federico Fellini1702 Words   |  7 Pages One of the most influential Italian cinemas film directors was Federico Fellini, who became popular after World War II. The filmography of Fellini included 24 titles; of which won him five Academy Awards including the most Oscars in history for best foreign language film (Encyclopaedia Britannica). 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What techniques do the writers of the British Red Cross use to influence and have a powerful effect on their readers Free Essays

Both adverts, the British Red Cross appeal and the Amnesty International appeal are written for the same reason†¦ to get sympathy from the readers and to persuade them to financially support the charity. The reader needs to be convinced there is a strong reason to commit to the charity if they are to hand over part of their income. Although the two appeals are both very, very affective, they are both laid out in totally different ways. We will write a custom essay sample on What techniques do the writers of the British Red Cross use to influence and have a powerful effect on their readers? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The writer’s of both appeals have created highly persuasive appeals using emotive and intensely personal language. It is very carefully and cleverly constructed and a logical reason to donate to the charity is developed throughout both. The Amnesty International appeal is set out in columns which makes it look like a newspaper advertisement, it is very attention grabbing and this style really breaks up the content, this makes the readers want to read it as it’s not just a bunch of words all together. The British Red Cross appeal is set out in a letter format which makes the plea more personal to the reader, this makes the reader want to read it as it’s addressing them. In the British Red Cross appeal, they contain a logo in the top corner which makes the appeal creditable, the readers know it’s an official company and the money will be going to a good cause. Both the British Red Cross and the Amnesty International appeals contain images which give a sense of reality. The British Red Cross appeal has an image of an old woman who the case study is based upon. She looks very fragile and vulnerable, and is wearing rag type clothing and it looks like she has most of her belongings in a little sack which is thrown over her shoulder, this tells the reader that she doesn’t own many belongings and shows her poor status in life. The Amnesty International appeal has two boxes, one filled with black and one filled with white, these colours totally contrast each other. This appeal also has a cartoon drawing of a man hanging from the word â€Å"you’ll† , this suggests that it will be you hanging unless you agree. In the British Red Cross appeal the paragraphs are nice and short, therefore easy to read. This means that people won’t get bored of reading it, and will probably read the whole letter, rather than the first couple of lines. The first thing the writer does is try to earn the reader’s trust. From the very start the letter opens an intensely direct and personal contact, the writer uses direct appeal quite a lot through-out the appeal. In the opening paragraph the writer instantly mentions the vulnerable old lady, he tries to create a sympathetic mood from the reader instantly. We see this in the quote â€Å"But few of us, thankfully, will never have to endure what 74-year-old Slana Djujic is going through.† this quote tries to get the reader to think what she could be going through, it tempts us to read on to find out what she’s having to endure. In the next paragraph he says â€Å"Slana lives with her disabled son in Javdranj† the fact that her son is disabled makes us think that although she is old an vulnerable she has her son to look after as well. The quote â€Å"they are the only ones left in this once bustling village† tells us that they are the sole survivors of the village, no one else has been able to cope with the situation. â€Å"When 200,000 people left the Krajina in 1995, fleeing the ethnic fighting, Slana and her son were too weak to join the exodus. She said goodbye to her daughter, Nadia, knowing she might never see her again.† this quote shows the massive scale of people that left the Krajina, it also shows us that Slana is having to make sacrifices by saying goodbye to her daughter because she along with her son are too weak to leave with the crowd. They are now stuck in a wooden shack which has probably been thrown together, it has no electricity or gas. This shows the lack of money and the poor state of life. The quote â€Å"Slana’s story shows only too well that, in winter, people depend on the Red Cross even more.† shows us that people are desperate for help and are completely dependant on charities for help. â€Å"With a gift of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15, a mobile Red Cross team could ensure that someone like Slana has fuel for cooking and heating. Could you give that à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15?† the writer has made this quote bold so it really stands out, the writer uses a rhetorical question here to make us think ‘can we give that 15?’ , the fact that this isn’t a huge amount of money to us, but can do so much for the people like Slana makes us feel that its worth giving it to them so they can change someone’s life. â€Å"Let me tell you about 77-year-old Percy Jones. Percy was admitted to hospital†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this quote starts off in a very conversational way, ‘let me tell you’, it sounds like the writer is having a one on one talk with you, the fact he’s 77 and has been admitted to hospital makes us feel sympathy for him. â€Å"he couldn’t even bend to light the fires in his house.† this tells us that he is too old and too un-able to do basic every day things. â€Å"with no heat in the dead of winter, this frail, elderly man could have succumbed to hypothermia† the writer uses a technical term here to show the extent of the situation. â€Å"Thankfully, the local branch of the British Red Cross was alerted, and a volunteer was assigned to help. He made sure that the fires were kept alight and that Percy was kept warm.† this quote tells us basically exactly what the people at the British Red Cross do. We instantly feel that what their doing is great and we think back to the rhetorical question of whether or not we could give that à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15 to change their lives. â€Å"Separated by thousands of miles and two different cultures, Slana and Percy are united in one thing: their need for the Red Cross to be there in winter.† this shows us that this is a world wide problem, and that they need the Red Cross. â€Å"Just as we need you to be there for us.† this is very direct to the reader and makes us think that the Red Cross can’t help the people like Slana and Percy without us helping the Red Cross and donating some money. â€Å"Whatever you can give today will help us deliver the extra supplies of fuel, food or blankets that people urgently need at this time of year.† this tells us that any donations at all are appreciated and welcomed. â€Å"For the sake of people like Slana and Percy, please be as generous as you can.† this makes us feel that the Red Cross just want to help people like them out and make their lives better. In the Amnesty International appeal the writer says â€Å"what matters is that you conform, and to make you conform the State had only one weapon. Fear.† in this quote the word ‘conform’ is repeated to make sure you hear it. The word ‘fear’ is isolated at the end to give it great impact. â€Å"You are one of the few prepared to speak out against the State† this is direct appeal, it makes us feel as though the writers talking about us. In the quote â€Å"Initially it’s just harassment, threats and phone calls.† the key word is ‘just’ this makes it seem like nothing, and the situation seems calm. â€Å"To continue to speak out against the State at this stage takes enormous courage.† this quote uses emotive language and tells us that the State is very strong and it will take something with a lot of guts to stand up to the State and speak their mind. â€Å"You’re simply ‘lifted’ from the street in full public view† this suggests that you are just an object, humiliated in front of the public. â€Å"It serves as a useful warning to anyone else who may be thinking the same dangerous thoughts.† this quote suggests that it’s showing others what happens if you talk you mind and stand up against the State. Overall both of the charities are very effective, however I think that the British Red Cross appeal is more persuasive and shows how genuine the charity actually is, where as the Amnesty International appeal is more like a law book and doesn’t look very good. If I was to choose a charity to donate to I would choose the British Red Cross advert because you’ve seen two different examples of people it’s helping. How to cite What techniques do the writers of the British Red Cross use to influence and have a powerful effect on their readers?, Papers

Customer Loyalty Program Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Customer Loyalty Program Management. Answer: Introduction A group of ten hotel chains decided to merge their business and create a new chain of hotels Stay Together that will provide accommodations at lower prices. The increasing competition and market pressure have led the companies to take this decision. The report presented here will critically evaluate the decision of the company, and the main focus of the report will be on the four major decisions taken by the management to attract customers and increase the business for the chain of hotels. These decisions are taken mainly to create a brand image, attracting customers, creating loyalty, and affecting the customer choice of hotels(Bagger Tranberg, 2015). The decision taken are correct or not will be discussed in the report along with some recommendations and suggestions that will help in improving the decisions taken by the company. A conclusion will help in understanding what the report want to reflect and provide some more suggestion on other streams that management can explore to ma ke its business better(Capaldi, 2016). The market is turning global, and many big competitors are eating the small businesses by providing better facilities at lower prices. For a single company, it was becoming difficult to handle the increasing pressure of providing lower priced accommodations in the hotel. Therefore, thegroup of ten hotel chains has decided to merge their businesses and create a new chain of hotels known as Stay Together. This Stay Together chain of the hotels that includes thousands of hotels falling in the categories of backpacker, bed breakfast homes to luxurious suites spread across the world. The hotel rooms could be hired from popular websites, but that will reduce the profits and may affect the corporate image of the company negatively(Ergin, Par?lt?, Ozsacmac?, 2011). The company has decided to use a single website that will provide higher prices for hotel rooms in the peak seasons. Other than this the management has decided four programs that will according to them help in increasing the com petitive value of the company and gain customers. The decisions of the management are discussed below: - Customer Loyalty Scheme- the management has decided to launch a customer loyalty scheme called Stay Together Loyalty scheme. Under this scheme, the loyal customers will be getting customer rewards like airport transfers, free nights, and car parking on the sites. Loyalty programs are highly acceptable and one of the most used technique to attract customers by the corporate companies(Jarrah, 2015). A loyalty scheme affects the decision-making process of a customer. It is true that travelers select their stay according to the price and place, but loyalty programs bring back the customer to the same hotel again and again. This works well especially for those who are frequent traveler or commute between cities for work. It could include more features like referring the hotel to a friend will provide points and easy accommodations. The loyal customers should be regularly informed about the offers and discounts hotels are offering to increase the customers(Jayakanth, Adalarasu, 2016). Free Buffets Breakfast and Dinners- Every customer looks for the scheme by hotels that are value for money and certainly getting a free breakfast and dinner is a great deciding factor that will attract customers. For a hotel providing meals in buffet system is less costly than serving individual table as different people have different choice. Now the hidden factor can be that the hotels can include the costing of the meals in the price of the room and reflect it as free for the guest. The free word and that to food attracts the customers, and that will increase the booking for the hotels(Kapera, 2015). Though customers are smart enough as they understand that nothing comes for free and the amount of food will be added in the room prices, but many people prefer to eat at hotel as they do not want to go out and find good restaurants at late hours. Also, the prices for them eating individual dinners will be higher than what customers will pay at hotels. The only issue is the choice of food people have and a correct number of people that will be using the benefits of free meal. This calculation is very important for the hotel(le Roux, Pretorius, 2016). Rebates- if a customer uses a particular airline than he will get some rebates that can be used for a free meals or nights. The offer is good and attractive as there are many people who will try to use a particular airline to get a rebate. The company can get in a contract with airlines and promote their hotels through that company. This type of promotion is more beneficial in the areas that are connected with airports, or the hotels that include luxurious suits that are hired by high-income people who regularly travel through flights(Lipponen, Wisse, Jetten, 2016). This scheme will attract only a limited section of the customers. Also, this scheme is more beneficial for the airlines company rather than the hotels as the airlines company is gaining the customers and the hotels are giving the rebates, though the promotion technique will be attracting customers, it will be paying all expenses there is no surety of that. Corporate Social Responsibility- Every person want to corporate in performing his or social responsibilities. Many of them wants to do something, but they dont get the means to do it. This scheme of donating a percentage of the total bill of the customer to a charity is a great thought. Thiswill increase the CSR of the group of hotels, and people will appreciate the efforts company is taking to help other. Though, it is a great thought and people will appreciate it, but will it attract more customers is doubtful. People when coming back from there stay to remember the fun they had and what facilities they enjoy, but such donation process is forgotten by them. Thus, using it as a scheme for attracting customers is quite low as compared to other three management decision(Mansour Ghazi, 2016). After analysis the four decisions that the group took to increase the competitive value of the company in the hospitality industry it is clear that out of four only three decisions will help the company to gain the competitive value the company aims for. Stay Together group of hotels aim to gain the market share against its competitors using these four decisions, and they will help in gaining the competitive advantage. The scheme of stay together loyalty program is the best option to attract the customers and also retain them with the company. The other decision of giving free breakfast and dinner is also a good option to attract customers as they prefer taking an accommodation that provides meals and if it is free, then the stay for them becomes the value for money(Massey, Barreras, 2013). The third decision of providing rebates on using selected airlines is not a very effective process as it will provide more benefits to the airlines rather than the group of hotels and also it can target a very limited segment of customers. The fourth decision is very good in term of personal sanity and responsibility of the companys social responsibility and will be appreciated by the customers, but will it attract customers in taking the stay in the hotels has no surety. Hence, it is important to again go through the decisions taken, and better programs should be introducing to attract customers(Mathe, Scott-Halsell, Roseman, 2016) Information System and Information Technological Issues the Company will Face It is assumed that the company has developed its website for making the bookings for the hotels and the company staff will be operating it to make the reservations. There are many issues that the company will face due the new procedure that the company will follow to book the hotel rooms in the thousands of the hotels in the company(McCall, McMahon, 2016). Some issues are discussed below: - Data conversion- with ten different groups and thousands of the hotels will have so much of data and combining all data and making it useful is a huge task. Every group of hotel would have been following its method of storing the customers data, some would be manual and some would be technical.A customer loyalty program can only have followed when all data will compile together, and the customers of all ten group of the hotels are sorted to make a single data base especially designed for Stay Together group of the hotels(Mndzebele, 2016). Technology Compatibility- the customer, is a word that includes everyone alive and has a means to use a product or services. The customers are of all kinds; they are educated, uneducated, technology friendly, or even technology haters. Thus, it is very difficult to target the customers that are not technology friendly and cannot use the application of the website to book a room for oneself. Even the staff of the hotels also have to technology friendly to exercise the changes that group has introduced in the system(Soares, Rebelo, 2012). Employment Issues- The change in company policies and the usage of new technology will increase some post in the group of hotels and will reduce some post. A lot of work will be handled by the machines that were before handled by the human being. This will make people lose their jobs. Along with it, everyone could not use machines and technology easily a trained person is required to do so, therefore need of technicians will create a new post in the group of hotels. This will raise the employment issue in the company(Woodard, Chiu, Power, Vedenov, Klose, 2017). Legal Issues- many technologies need to be patented before using if any group is using any such technology than changing the ownership will raise patent issues. Also, a new technology introduction in the company will require patents that will ask for more legal issues. Scalability issues- the increased size of the company requires the growth of advance and hi-tech system to maintain the working of the company. The change in management can raise the issue of scalability in different levels of the organization(Yu Yeh, 2013). User Interface Issues-the application used by the group of hotels has to be in accordance with users. If it is not the case, then it will create issues related to user interface. Such issue affects the customers choice as these issues affects the customers experience towards the company and also affects the customers loyalty towards the company. The management should work on making the experience of booking the hotels and later the stay user friendly and memorable to increase the customer attraction and loyalty for the company(Bagger Tranberg, 2015). Recommendations for the Company The company should opt for a CRM software that will help the company to store the data of the customers at one place and can be used by anyone who has the authority of using it. The company should use its present staff for the new post that company will create due to the merger of groups. The employees should be informed about the change that will take place in the company due to the merger. The application developed to book the hotels should be user-friendly in both ways. The customers can use it easily to book their stay and operators at the company can book the place according to the customers information(Capaldi, 2016). Conclusion In the hospitality sector the customers comfort is the top priority whether it is in the form of the services the hotels are providing during the stay or experience customers have during the booking procedure. Stay Together is a merger of ten different group of hotel to accommodate the pressure of the lower priced the hotel stay. To fight the increasing competition, the company has to work on the companys methods of attracting customers, as it will help in increasing the flow of customers and their loyalty. Thus, it is concluded that a company has to make sure that the policies company is using for developing its business should help in increasing the customers satisfaction. References Bagger Tranberg, C. (2015). Storing Information on Users Devices. European Data Protection Law Review, 1(2), 130-136. Capaldi, N. (2016). New (Other?) Directions in Corporate Social Responsibility. International Journal Of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1(1). Ergin, E., Par?lt?, N., Ozsacmac?, B. (2011). Impact of Loyalty Cards On Customers Store Loyalty. International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER), 6(2). Jarrah, M. (2015). Evaluation of Electronic Customer Knowledge Mediating by Electronic Customer Attraction on Electronic Customer Acquisition. International Journal Of Customer Relationship Marketing And Management, 6(3), 33-47. Jayakanth, S., Adalarasu, D. (2016). Dimension of Customer Satisfaction in the Hotel Business. Bonfring International Journal Of Industrial Engineering And Management Science, 6(4), 158-165. https://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijiems.8304 Kapera, I. (2015). Hotel promotion as viewed by customers. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczeci?skiego. Service Management, 15, 49-55. le Roux, C., Pretorius, M. (2016). Conceptualizing the Limiting Issues Inhibiting Sustainability Embeddedness. Sustainability, 8(4), 364. Lipponen, J., Wisse, B., Jetten, J. (2016). The different paths to post-merger identification for employees from high and low status pre-merger organizations. Journal Of Organizational Behavior. Mansour Ghazi, K. (2016). Hotel Maintenance Management Practices. Journal Of Hotel Business Management, 5(1). Massey, S., Barreras, R. (2013). Introducing Impact Validity. Journal Of Social Issues, 69(4), 615-632. Mathe, K., Scott-Halsell, S., Roseman, M. (2016). The Role of Customer Orientation in the Relationship Between Manager Communications and Customer Satisfaction. Journal Of Hospitality Tourism Research, 40(2), 198-209. McCall, M., McMahon, D. (2016). Customer Loyalty Program Management. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 57(1), 111-115. Mndzebele, N. (2016). The Relationship between e-Commerce Adoption and Competition in the Hotel Industry. International Journal Of Information And Education Technology, 6(5), 394-397. Soares, M., Rebelo, F. (2012). Ergonomics in design: solutions and proposals for a better interface with the user. Theoretical Issues In Ergonomics Science, 13(1), 1-3. Woodard, J., Chiu, L., Power, G., Vedenov, D., Klose, S. (2017). Factors Affecting Changes in Managerial Decisions. Agribusiness. Yu Yeh, C. (2013). Applying Economic Methods on Analyzing Hostel Industry. Journal Of Hotel Business Management, 02(01).